Build your gear train

Place gears, connect shafts and choose an input and output. Compare direction, speed and available torque.

For you as a guide: Discuss your prediction, run the test and compare one change.

Nallo’s guidance for parents

How does the larger gear turn?

Your build is ready. Discuss your prediction and start the test.

Your build0.0 s

Place and drag gears. Nearby gears snap to their correct spacing on release. Gears on the same shaft move together. Arrow keys move the selection.

Make a prediction
Show the numbers
Output speed-30.00 rpm
Output / input-0.50
Available torque1.60 Nm
Load torque0.20 Nm

Explain it together

Teeth mesh. Larger and smaller gears transmit rotation at different speeds. Externally meshing neighbours rotate in opposite directions.

A single idler changes direction in a simple train, but not the input-output speed ratio. Two different gears on one shaft can form another reduction stage.

An idea to explore further

Start with two gears. Add an idler while keeping input and output sizes unchanged. Then compare with two stages on two gear planes.

Parent explanation, examples and model limits

A simple explanation

Teeth mesh. Larger and smaller gears transmit rotation at different speeds. Externally meshing neighbours rotate in opposite directions.

A single idler changes direction in a simple train, but not the input-output speed ratio. Two different gears on one shaft can form another reduction stage.

A comparison idea

Start with two gears. Add an idler while keeping input and output sizes unchanged. Then compare with two stages on two gear planes.

What the model shows

External spur gears with one module; ideal fixed shafts, open transmission trains, no belts or planetary gears. Pitch-circle distance determines meshing. The back plane is shown in an exploded view. Dashed lines join gears on one shaft; their physical centres remain identical. The drive holds its selected speed up to its torque limit; excessive load stalls it. Efficiencies multiply along the connected transmission path. Tooth failure, elasticity, backlash and acceleration are not modelled.

Physics references

Carnegie Mellon · Gears

A simulation for exploring together. It does not design real electrical installations, lifting equipment or machinery.